Use the GraphQL Node for Precise Data Fetching

When an API supports GraphQL, use it instead of REST. GraphQL lets you request exactly the fields you need in a single request, eliminating over-fetching (receiving 50 fields when you need 3) and under-fetching (needing a second request to get related data). The HTTP Request node works fine for GraphQL, but the dedicated approach makes queries more readable.

Real-world example: You need to fetch GitHub pull requests with their reviews and check statuses. With REST, this requires 3 separate API calls per PR. With GraphQL, it is one request.

URL:     https://api.github.com/graphql
Method:  POST
Headers:
  Authorization: Bearer {{ $credentials.githubToken }}
Body:
```text
```json title="GraphQL Request Body"
{
  "query": "query($owner: String!, $repo: String!) { repository(owner: $owner, name: $repo) { pullRequests(last: 10, states: OPEN) { nodes { number title createdAt author { login } reviews(last: 5) { nodes { state author { login } } } commits(last: 1) { nodes { commit { statusCheckRollup { state } } } } } } } }",
  "variables": {
    "owner": "my-org",
    "repo": "my-repo"
  }
}
```text
```json title="Response: Everything in One Request"
{
  "data": {
    "repository": {
      "pullRequests": {
        "nodes": [
          {
            "number": 142,
            "title": "Add user authentication",
            "createdAt": "2025-01-14T09:00:00Z",
            "author": { "login": "developer123" },
            "reviews": {
              "nodes": [
                { "state": "APPROVED", "author": { "login": "reviewer1" } }
              ]
            },
            "commits": {
              "nodes": [
                {
                  "commit": {
                    "statusCheckRollup": { "state": "SUCCESS" }
                  }
                }
              ]
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
```text
Compare the data volume:

```text title="REST vs GraphQL Comparison"
REST approach:
  Request 1: GET /repos/{owner}/{repo}/pulls      -> 50 KB (all PR fields)
  Request 2: GET /repos/{owner}/{repo}/pulls/142/reviews -> 12 KB
  Request 3: GET /repos/{owner}/{repo}/commits/{sha}/status -> 8 KB
  Total: 3 requests, ~70 KB, 3 round trips

GraphQL approach:
  Request 1: POST /graphql (query above)           -> 2 KB response
  Total: 1 request, ~2 KB, 1 round trip
```text
GraphQL is especially valuable for workflows that process many records, where the per-record overhead of multiple REST calls adds up to significant execution time and API rate limit consumption.

**Related:** [Use Path Parameters in Webhook URLs for Dynamic Routing](../webhook-mastery/01-use-path-parameters-in-webhook-urls-for-dynamic-routing.md) | [Use Edit Fields in "Map Each" Mode for Simple Renames](../data-transformation/01-use-edit-fields-in-map-each-mode-for-simple-renames.md)